A cognitive psychology which becomes increasingly specialized requires a special effort in order to avoid a fragmentation into several controversial issues that are independently discussed but also inherently related. Rather than asking additional differentiated questions which are then investigated by more specialized experimental methods and designs, this book promotes unified theories and a level approach for their experimental evaluation. Within this cognitive science approach and on the basis of the most foundational assumptions of Kintsch's construction integration theory, a computational theory of knowledge acquisition is then developed and subsequently evaluated by psychologial experiments. Computer simulation techniques and experimental psychology research have greatly matured the understanding of human knowledge and its acquisition in different learning environments. The advantages and limitations of these approaches are critically assessed and an integrated research methodology is developed. This book provides coverage concerning the following questions: What are the most promising research methodologies for investigating human cognition?; how can the experimental psychology research on text comprehension, concept formation and memory become more closely related to one another when the very specialized research paradigms and the highly specific controversies promote their separation and independent discussion? ; and how can a general comprehension-based theory bridge the gap between simple experimental settings and the real-life situations that occur in education and work environments? It seeks to demonstrate how experimental psychology can proceed more successfully by investigating those aspects that are shared among different areas of research like text comprehension, categorization and learning by exploration. It also shows how unified theories can assist to apply experimental psychology and cognitive science results to areas such as intelligent tutoring systems, instructional design, and the development of expert systems in complex real world domains.